The rotator cuff of the shoulder has four major tendons. The supraspinatus—the one on top—is the one most often torn. Here is a look at the controversies about this injury and its repair.

The shoulder can dislocate or just subluxate—i.e., move partially in and out of the joint. The causes for these are most commonly a torn ligament or a lax capsule. The repair steps have improved dramatically and are worth doing early.

“Stretch, stretch more, do yoga, do Pilates,” our trainers encourage us in a never-ending litany. Our stiffness is hurting our backs, our knees, and our performance. But what about the too flexible athletes?

Stay vertical on the bike. If falling, roll with the fall. And, if it ain’t broke, don’t break it.

Frozen shoulder. How quickly can it be thawed?

The human shoulder is a complex system, interconnecting bones, muscles, tendons and cartilage. When shoulder pain occurs, finding out exactly what’s going wrong is the first step toward a cure.

Some thoughts and tips about maximizing your enjoyment while minimizing possible injuries, from former US Ski Team and Pro Tour orthopedic surgeon Kevin R. Stone.

You are told you have a shoulder separation or AC joint dislocation. Now what do you do?

While elite cyclists, with prize money and international rankings at stake, get straight back onto their bikes with broken clavicles, the rest of us tend to be more sensible in our approach to healing.